Disk harrow



Dec. 2, 1924. 1,517,659 F. C. WARNE DISK HARROW Filed Deo, lO 1917 4SheetS-Sheet l Dec. 2, 1924 1,517,659

F. c. WARNE DISK HARBOW Dec. 2, 1924. 1,517,659

F. c. WARNE DISK HARROW Filed DeO. lO, 1917 4 Sheets-Sheet E PatentedDec. 2, 1924.

PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK C. WARNE, 0F MANSFIELD, O'HIO.

DISK HARROW.

Application led December 10, 1917. Serial No. 206,533. y

To all whom 'it may concern.

Be it known that ll, FREDERICK C. 'WARNE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Mansfield, in the county of Richland and State ofOhio, have invented certain new and useful ltmprovements in DiskHarrows, of which the'following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in disk harrows, and moreparticularly to that class or type known as double or tandem diskharrows in which front and rear units are employed, each unit embodyinga pair of adjustably mounted rotary disk gangs adapted to be angled orturned in opposite directions relative to each other and to the'line ofdraft as disclosed for example in my Patent No. 1,189,890, of July 4th,1916,

This invention further relates to that class or type of double diskharrows known as engine disk harrows, the present improvements beingparticularly designed and' adapted for use in connection with an engineor tractor, and with this end in view,

"- my improvements relate particularly to improve draft connections forsuch implements and means whereby the disk gangs thereof may be readilymoved to and sccured in any desired angular position relative to eachother and to the line of draft by the operator of the tractor while inthe seat or cab of the latter, the construction and arrangement of theparts being such that when the disk gangs are locked in their normalWorking or fully angled position,

or in an intermediate angled position, and are relatively released orunlocked by the operator while the tractor is in motion, such disk gangswill automatically assume through such draft connections theirnonworking or non-angled transporting position, or less angular workingposition, as the case may be, and as the operator may elect, and may bestopped and locked in such elected position while the tractor is inmotion. Furthermore, if desired, the disk gangs may be manually moved toa more angular or to a fully angled working position while in motionwith a minimum expenditure of energy by the operator, and they may alsobe readily and quickly moved manually in a straightening direction bythe operator as desired when the implement is at rest.

, A further object is to provide a generally improved leverless diskharrow of this class having its parts so constructed, arranged anddisposed relative to each other as to give the requisite strength,flexibility and general adjustability which experience and the varyingdemands of actual service have shown to be necessary or desirable, andto this end l provide two draft or reach bars pivotally connected to therear unit or section and extending forwardly and in converging relationto each other and pivotally connected to the front unit or harrowsection at two points equally distant from the longitudinal center ofthe harrow or line of draft as disclosed in my said patent hereinbeforereferred to.

wWith the above mentioned and other ends in view, the invention consistsin the novel construction, arrangement, and combination of parts,hereafter described, illustrated in one of its embodiments in theaccompanying drawings, and .particularly pointed out in the appendedclaims.

Referring to the drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure1 is a top plan view of a disk harrow constructed in accordance withthis invention, the disk gangs being in their non-working-or nonangledtransporting position, the gang angling or controlling hand wheel beingremoved, and certain portions of the draft connections being broken awayand shown in section for the purpose of clearer illustration of theparts.

Fig. 2, a similar view, the disk gangs being in their eXtreme angled orworking positions, the central or relatively movable draft block and itsconnected draft and reach bars attached to the inner ends of the frontdisk gangs and to the pivoted portions of the rear disk gangs,respectively, being in their relatively rearmost positions.

Fig. 3, a detailed perspective view of the movable draft block and itsconnections disassembled.

F ig. 4, a perspective View of the front draft frame and its relativelymovable draft block and connections, together with the controlling andoperating mechanism therefor, the disk gangs being shown in theirnon-angled or transporting position.4

Fig. 5, a central longitudinal sectional view of the same Fig. 6, asimilar view, the draft bar being shifted to its rearmost position topermit its draft connections to Vshift in a like direction and permitthe disk gangs connected there lower end of the controlling shaft andits bearings 'and operating pinion in disassembled position. Fig. 9, aperspective view of the draft rack and bar, detached.

Fig. 10, a perspective view of the hand wheel locking bar ordetent,detached.

Similar numerals of reference designate like parts throughout all thefigures of the drawings.

The improved harrow or tillage implement comprises a front harrowsection or unit and a rear or trailing harrow section or unit. The frontand rear harrow sections or units maybe ofany suitable or conventionalform and for thepurposes of 1llustration I have shown my improved draftappliance and its connections.v applied t0 or embodied in a double ortandem disk harrow of the general form of that disclosed in my formerpatent hereinbefore referred to.`

The front harrow section or unit is provided with a suitable draft frameconsisting, in the 'present instance, of a transverse bar 1, and acurved draft frame member'2, the latter having its forward middleportion se-, cured to a sub-pole 3, which latter is made up of s acedangle bars secured at their 40 rear to the transverse bar or member 1,and, lin the present instance, formin" a. guide or slideway Afor theimproved longitudinally movable draft appliance hereinafter described.

As a means of connecting the draft frame to the front disk gangs 4,draft bars or links 5, are pivotally connected to filler blocks 2, saiddraft bars extending rearwardly beneath `the transverse bar 1, andbeingflexibly connected to axle boxes 6, somewhat beyond the centers ofthedisk gangs so that the inner ends of the latter will normally have atendency to swing rearwardly and assume a rearwardly conver ingposition. Asa means ofsupporting and maintaining the draft bars 5, 1nproper horizontal relation tothe transverse bar 1, supporting clips arepivotally mounted upon the fillerA blocks 2, and are secured by meansofthe vpivot'bolts 5, securing the forward ends of theV draft bars 5, saidclips 7, extending rear# wardly and being secured to the topintermediate ortions of the bars 5, by means of pivot bo ts 7, and as afurther means of securing the draft frame to the front disk `by means ofsup ably secured to axle gangs draft bars or links 8, are connected byIthe pivot bolts 5, above the supporting clips 7, and extend upwardlyand rearwardly and are liexibl17 connected to the upper or transversebars 9, of the front gang frames by means of pivot bolts 9a. The gangframe bars 9, are connected to the disk gangs 4, orting bracket or bracemembers 9", exten in downwardly and suitoxes 9.

The bars 9, of the gang frames are provided, in the present instance,with scrapers 10, extending along the concaved sides of the disks of thedisk gangs and held in proper spaced relation to each other by means ofbars 10a.

The rear harrow section or unit, in theV connected to the gang frames12, of the rear gangs. In the present instance, the gang frames 12, arealso provided with Scrapers 15, similar to the scrapers 10, of the frontgang frames. It will also be observed that the ivot or swivel bolts 14,are located be yond) the centers of the rear gang frames so that theinner ends of the rear gan s will have a tendency to swing rearward yand assume a rearwardly converging angle when permitted to swing ontheir pivots 14.

As a means of connecting the inner ends` of the rear sections,longltudinally extending draft bars 16, are provided, said bars beingconnected at their rear endsto eye members 16, of the gang frames, andbeing also provided with brace lmembers 16", suitably secured to thebearing axle' blocks at the inner ends of the rear gangs, the forwardends of the bars extending downwardlyy and, in the present instance,being' connected to the transverse bar 1, of the front draft frame bymeans of bearing plates 17, adjustably secured to the bar 1, by means ofsecuring bolts 17, the depending rounded or bearing portions 16, of thedraft bars 16, being adapted to have a limited movement yin the 'bearinplates 17, as in turning corners, and the like, by being mounted inslots 17", of the plates 17 As compared with tlie movements of the draftbars "attached to my im roved draft appliance hereinafter describe thesedraft bars 16, together with the draft bars or links 5 and 8, may bedescribed asbeing longitudinall fixed relative to the frame members anin order that the functions of the iis (Figs. 5 and 9) adapted toreceive the mally .a part. The pawl 27 may` draft appliance and itslongitudinally movable draft bars may be performed as hereinafterdescribed. f c

I shall now refer to the improved draft appliance and its gangconnecting, adjusting and controlling mechanism. This improved draftappliance comprises a longitudinally movable draft member or.'element,

mounted, in the present instance, in the stubpole 3, of the draft frame,and consisting, in the present instance, of a draft block or head 18,adapted to slide between the angular members of the stub-pole 3, saidblock 18, being controlled by a longitudinally movable draft lbar 19,connected, in the present inst-ance, to a draft yoke or clevis 20.

The bar 19 is provided with a slot 19 pin l8a secured to the slidingblockA 18. The draft clevis 20 is provided with a rack 20a with whichmeshes the pinion 24 upon the lower end of the vertical shaft 21 (Figs.5 and 8). mounted in bearing blocks` 23 secured lto the stub pole 3 bymeans of bolts 23x1 (Fig. 8), and the upper end in the bearing head 26supported by .bracket arms 25 extending from the frame. I

To the Aupper end of the shaft 21 is secured the hand wheel 22` and theratchet 22, with which the pawl 27, beveled at 27", cooperates. Thispawl is mounted in the opening 26l of bearing head 26 and is norpressedupward by spring 27@1L into contact with the ratchet teeth to preventthe rotation of the ratchet, shaft, hand wheel, pinion 24, etc., in acontra-clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 4. In other words, the pawland ratchet mechanism normally prevents the forward movement of the rack20 and the draft clevis 20 of which it forms however, -be withdrawn fromthe ratchet 22a, and the draft clevis thus released for forwardmovement, by manually swinging the pivoted camheaded lever 28 into ahorizontal position as shown in Fig. 7 The hand wheel 22 and n thereleasing lever 28 are so positioned that they may be manipulated by theperson who is operating the tractor without moving from his seat.

As above stated, the outer portions of the front gangs are connected t0the draft frame by the draft bars or links 5, and the inner ends of therear gangs are similarly connected to. that frame by the draft bars orlinks 16. The inner ends of the front gangs and the outer portions oftherear gangs are not connected directly Vto the draft frame but to thesliding head 18 which is mounted on the stud pole as above described.The

connections from the sliding block 18 to the inner ends of the frontgangs comprise the longitudinally movable draftbars 29, which areconnected to the gangs through the me- The lower end of this shaft isy.ing swivel eye bolts v of the draft `spectively,

dium of the pivot bolts 29a, secured to the inner axle boxes 9. Thedraft connections leading from the draft block or head 18, to the reargangs and draft frame comprise rearwardly diverging draft or reach bars30, the latter, in the present instance, being pivotally connected tothe pivoted portion of the rear gangs by means of bearing plates 31, andbearing `bolts 31a, said bearing plates 31, being suitably secured tothe gang frames'12, and surrounding the pivot bolts 14, and by reason ofthis construction it will thus be seen that the draft or reach bars 30.are indirectly connected to the outer ends of the rear barrow frame 13,and it will also be observed that the rear ends of the draft or reachbars 30, are provided with down wardly and rearwardly extending bracemembers 29h, suitably secured to the central axle bearing boxes of therear disk gangs.

The forward ends of the draft bars 29, and 30, may be pivotally oriiexibly secured to the draft block or head 18, in any suit-- able andconvenient manner, such connecting means, in the present instance,compris- 32, passing through suitable openings in bearings plates 18h,secured to the lupper and lower sides of the draft block or head 18, bymeans of securing bolts 18", and bearing, in the present instance, onthe upper and lower sides of the stub-pole 3, and as a means ofconveniently connecting the forward or depending ends bars 30to the eyebolts 32, cross bearing bolts 33, may be provided to extend through theeyes of the bolts as shown. As a convenient mea'nsof pivotallyconnecting the forward ends of the draft bars 29, to the block or head18, the latter may be provided on its under side with a bearing plate orbracket 18d (see Fig. 3), said plate 18d. being provided at its sideswith upturned bearing ears or lugs 18e, extending on the outer sides ofthe stub-pole and provided with bearing bolts 18f, through the medium ofwhich the forward ends of the draft bars 29. may be readily attached.

Uponv reference to the construction herein shown and described it willbe seen that the draft bars 5 and 16, extending from the draft frameconnect to the pivotedand inner ends of the front and rear disk gangs,reandare subsantially longitudinally fixed relatife to the front andrear barrow frames, while the draft bars 29 and 30, leading from thedraft block or head 18, and connected to the inner and pivoted portions0f the front and rear disk gangs, respectively, are longitudinallymovable relative to said draft frame and said draft links 5 and 1G,connected therewith.

By reason of the construction above dethe movement of the tractor orother draft power employed, and without leaving his station. Thus, ifthe gangs are straight or atan angle less than that desired, theoperator may back the tractor or other power source and thus back thedraft clevis 20 an amount corresponding to the desired angle. He maythen advance the tractor or other power source and by so doing throw thegangs into the angle set. So, also, if while the gangs are angled thetractor or other power source is backed to such an extent as to back theentire harrow, the gangs will straighten, but will normally be againangled on the next forward pull. To straighten the gangs on a forwardpull, it is necessary merely to release the pawl 27 by manipulation ofthe handle 28 which is readily accessible from the drivers seat.

I shall now describe the operation of my harrow more in detail. Firstassume that the gangs are in their straight or non-working position asillustrated in Figs. 1, 4 and 5. The clevis 20 is then in its foremostposition and the pin 18iof head 18 is at the 'rear of the slot 19a ofthe clevis. To set the angle into which the gangs are lto be thrown theclevis 20 is now backed, either bythe draft power or manually throughthe hand wheel 22,01' otherwise. For a full angle it is moved completelyback into the position shown in Fig. 6 where the pin 18a is at the frontend of slot 19, The pawl and ratchetmechanism 22, 27, movement of theclevis. But if now pulling lforce is applied to the clevis, the clevisis prevented by the pawl and ratchet from moving forward relative to thestub pole. As a result the entire harrow is advanced. In the advance ofthe harrow the resistance of the ground retards the portions of thegangs which are connected to the slidable head 18 and which aretherefore free to move rearwardlyrelative to the draft frame (i. e., theinner ends of the front gangs and theouter portions of the reargangs).This retardation, accompanied by the relative rearward movement of thesliding head 18 continues until the pin 18a of the head abuts againstthe rear end of the slot 19al of the clevis, or, in other words, untilthe gangs have attainedl the angle for4 which the clevis was set.' Fig;2 illustrates the position of the parts after the gangs have been throwninto full angle in the manner above described.

If, with the parts in the position shown in Fig. 2, the harrow isbacked, the inner ends of the front gangs and the outer portions of therear gangs, being connected to the sliding' head 18 which is n'ow freeto move forwardly relative to the draft frame, will'be yretarded by theresistance of the ground and will therefore move relatively forwarduntil the pin 18a abuts againstthe forward end of the slot 19% When thisoccurs the parts allows this rearward.

will be in the position of Fig. 6, and the rangs will be straight. lVhatI have just described is the straightening of the gangs in backing, andis just the opposite operatioi1 from angling the gangs by a forward puAnother way of straightening the gangs is by releasing the pawl 27 andapplying a forward pull to the draft clevis. Thus, if the pawl 27 isreleased by the hand lever 28 with the parts in the angle position shownin Fig. 2, a forward pull applied to the draft clevis will pull forwardthe block 18 on the stub pole and with it the inner ends of the frontgangs and the outer portions of thc rear gangs. In this way the gangsmay be returned to the straight position of Fig. 1, or their angle maymerely bereduced, depending upon how long the pawl is held out ofengagement with the ratchet.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, the operation and advantages of my invention willbe readily understood.

Having thus described one of the embodiments of my invention, what Iclaim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,-`

1. In a tillage implement, a plurality of tillage gangs arranged infront and rear pairs, and relatively longitudinally fixed and movabledraft connections. flexibly connected to the inner and tions of saidfront and rear pairs of gangs and means for actuating the movableconnectionsby the forward draft on the implement for angularly adjustingthe gangs.

2. In a tractor drawn tillage implement, tandem frame units andangularlyl adjustable tillage gangs carried thereby, and relativelyadjustable draft means flexibly connected to said frame units and gangsand movable by the forward draft-of the' tractor for adjustingtherelative ositions of said frame units and gangs whi e in motion.

3.v In a tractor drawn tandem tillage implement, flexibly connectedtandem frames, comprising draft connections between said frames movable'relatively to eachother and operable bythe forward draft for relativelyadjusting said frames.

4f. In a tractor drawn tillage implement tandem frames and tillage gangscarried thereby, and relatively shiftable draft connections flexiblyconnectedto said frames and gangs and forwardly and rearwardlymovablerelativeto each other by the draft of the tractor for angularlyadjusting said gangs while in motion.

5. In a tractor drawn tandem tillage implement. front and rear frameuni-ts including horizontally movable pivoted tillage gangs, andrelatively movable draft means connected tosaid frame units and gangsand operable in one direction by the implement drawing tractive forcefor angularly intermediate porof the tractor adjusting said frame unitsand gangs relative to each other.

6. ln a tandem tillage implement, tandem frame units and pivoted tillagegangs carried thereby, and draft connections forwardly and rearwardlymovable relative to said uni-ts and flexibly connected to the inner andouter portions of said tillage gangs and operable by the forward drafton the implement for moving and adjusting said frame units and gangs.

7. lin a tillage units and tillage gangs, draft connections flexiblyconnected to said units and gangs, some of said draft connections beingforwardly and rearwardly movable relative to one of said tandem frameunits, and means for adjusting said last mentioned draft connectionsrelative to the others for moving said gangs in varying angularrelation.

8. lin a tillage imple-ment, front and rear frame units carrying pivotedtillage gangs, and relatively movable draft connections flexiblyconnected to said frame units and tillage gangs, some of said draftconnections being substantially longitudinally fixed to one of the frameunits and secured to the free ends of the gangs of 'the opposite frameunit and the others being forwardly and rearwardly movable relative tosaid front unit by the forward draft of the implement for angularlyadjusting said gangs through the relative draft movements of said frameunits.

9. ln a tractor drawn double disk harrow, front and rear units, frontand rear pivoted disk gangs on said units, and a relatively movabledraft appliance provided with draft bars connected to the inner andintermediate portions of said front and rear disk gangs, respectively.

10. ln a disk harrow, front and rear harrow frames, disk gangs pivotallyconnected therewith, a draft head movable relative to said front harrowframe, means for adjusting and locking said draft head relative to saidfront frame, and draft bars lpivotally connected to said draft head andto the inner and intermediate portions of said front and rear diskgangs, respectively.

11. ln a disk harrow., the combination with front and rear harrowsections each provided with adjustably connected disk gangs; ofv anadjustable draft appliance on said front harrow section including draftbars connected to the inner and intermediate portions of said front andrear disk gangs, respectively.

12. lin a tractor drawn double disk harrow, front and rear unitsincluding front and rear pivoted disk gangs, substantiallylongitudinally fixed draft bars on said frontl unit flexibly connectedto the pivoted and .inner portions of said frontand rear disk gangs,respectively, and a relatively movable implemlent, tandem frame andlocking said draft appliance provided with draft connections connectedto the inner and intermedia-te portions of said front and rear diskgangs, respectively.

13. In a disk harrow, the combination with front and rear harrowsections each provided with adjustably connected disk gangs; of arelatively movable draft member previdedwith ndraft bars connected tothe inner ends of said front disk gangs, and means for moving said draftmember and harrow sections relative to each other, including reach barsflexibly connected to said rear harrow section and draft member.

14. In a disk harrow, front and rear harrow frames, disk gangs pivotallyconnected therewith, a draft member slidably carried by said frontharrow frame, and means for connecting, adjusting, and locking saiddraft member and front harrow frame in various relative positionsto eachother, said means including draft'bars pivotally connected to said draftmember .and to the inner and pivoted portions of said front and reardisk gangs, respectively. i

15. In a tandem disk harrow, front and rear harrow frames and pivoteddisk gangs, substantially longitudinally fixed draft bars connected tosaid front harrow frame and certain intermediate and inner portions ofsaid disk gangs, a relatively movable draft appliance connected to theopposite inner Yeo and intermediate portions of said front and rear diskgangs, and means for adjusting draft appliance in various gang anglingrelations to the line of draft.

16. lin a tractor drawn tandem disk harrow, front and rear harrowframes, a plurality of pivoted front and rear disk gangs, and arela-tively movable draft appliance adjustably connected to said frontharrow frame and bars connected to the inner and pivoted portions ofsaid front and'rear disk gangs, respectively, wherebythe latter whenangled will automatically assume less anguf lar relations to each otherwhen said draft appliance is released and .moved forwardly by thetractive force relative to said front harrow frame. I i

17. lin a tractor drawn tandem disk harrow, front and rear frames eachprovided, with a plurality of angularly adjustable disk gangs, arelatively movable draft appliance connected to the inner and pivotedportions of respectively, and normally fixed to the front frame andmeans for releasing said draft appliance whereby said disk gangs willautomatically assume variable angular working positions while in motion.

18. JIn row, front and rear harrow frames each provided with a pair ofpivoted disk gangs. and a relatively movable adjustable draft applianceprovided with'parallel and rearsard front and rear disk gangs,

a tractor drawn tandem Vdisk har-v lll) vends of said wardly divergingdraft bars connected to the inner and pivoted portions of said front andreardisk gangs, respectively, and normally fixed to the front framewhereby the latter when angled and released will automatically 'assumethrough movement of said draft appliance by the tractive force lessangular and parallel relations to each other.

19. In a tandem disk harrow, front and rear harrow frames and diskgangs, substantially longitudinally fixed draft bars connected to saidfront harroW frame and certain intermediate and inner portions of saiddisk gangs, a longitudinally movable draft appliance flexibly connectedto the opposite inner and intermediate portions of said disk gangs, andmeans for adjusting and locking said draft appliance in various gangangling relations to the line of draft.

20. A disk harrow, comprising front and rear harrow sections, adjustablymounted front and rear disk gangs, draft bars flexlbly connected to saidfront harrow section and the intermediate and inner portions of saidfront and rear disk gangs, respectively, a draft appliance provided withdraft bars flexibly connected to the inner ends of said front disk gangsand to rear harrow section, and means for moving and adjusting saiddraft appliance relative to said front liarrow section whereby tosimultaneously move and adjust said disk gangs in various relatlveangular positions to the line of draft.

21. An engine drawn tandem disk harrow, comprising front and rear harrowsectlons each provided with pivotally mounted disk gangs, longitudinallyfixed draft bars flexibly connected to said front harrow section and theintermediate and inner portions of said front and rear. disk gangs,respectlvely, and a vlongitudinally movable draft appliance carryinglongitudinally movable draft bars flexibly connected to the inner frontdisk gangs and the pivoted portions of said rear 'disk gangs, and meansfor locking and releasing said draft app l1ance relative to one of saidharrow sec- .tions whereby when released to simultano ously andautomatically move and adjust sald disk gangs in various convergingangular positions to eachother through the englne draft on said draftappliance while 1n motlon.

22. In a tractor row, front and drawn double disk harrear harrow frames,front and rear pivoted disk gangs, laterally movable draft linksflexibly connected to said front barrow frame and the pivoted and lnnerport1ons of said front and rear disk gangs, respectively, a tractordraft appliance provided with longitudinally movable draft bars flexiblyconnected to the inner and plvoted portions of said front and rear 1skgangs, respectively, and means operable from a tractor for .moving andlocking said draft appliance and longitudinally movable 'draft barsindependently of and relatively to said front barrow frame and draftlinks whereby said disk gangs may be simultaneously angled in variousadjusted positions through said longitudinally movable draft appliancewhile the latter is in motion.

23. In a tractor drawn tillage implement, flexibly connected tandemtillage gangs and draft connections between said gangs movablerelatively to each other through the relative draft movements of thetractor for relatively adjusting said gangs.

24. In a tractor drawn tillage implement, tandem tillage gangs, andrelatively adjustable draft means flexibly connected to said gangs andmovable by the relative draft movements of the tractor for adjusting therelative positions of said tillage gangs.

25. In a. tractor drawn tillage implement, tandem tillage gangs, a draftappliance and relatively fixed and movable 'draft means flexiblyconnected to said gangs and movable by the relative movements of thetractor for changing the relative positions of said tillage gangs.

26. In a tractor drawn tillage implement, flexibly, connected tandemtillage gangs, a movable draft member and relatively fixed and movabledraft connections to said gangs movable relatively to each other throughthe movements of said draft member by the tractor for relativelyadjusting said gangs.

27. In a tractor drawn tillage implement, a plurality of tillage gangs,relatively longitudinally yfixed and movable draft connections flexiblyvconnected thereto, and means for actuating the movable connections bythe forward draft on the implement whereby said gangs are movedrelatively of each other.

28. In a tractor drawn tillage implement, including a plurality oftillage gangs, relatively longitudinally fixed and movable draftconnections flexibly attached to the inner and intermediate portions ofsaid gangs, and means for adjusting the movable draft connections by theforward draft on the implement for moving said gangs in variablerelative positions to each other.

29. In a tractor drawn tillage implement, including a plurality oftandem tillage gangs, relatively fixed and movable draft connectionsflexibly attached to said gangs, and means for adjusting the movabledraft connections through the movements of the tractor relative to theimplement for moving said gangs in variable relative angular positionsto each other.

30. In a tractor drawn tillage implement, tandem tillage gangs, andrelatively fixed and movable draft members flexibly connected to saidgangs, said movable draft members being actuated in one direction by-lltl i tandem tillage gangs,

the implement drawing tractive force for moving said tandem gangsrelatively to a less angular position and in an opposite direction to amore angular position.

3l. ln a tractor drawn tillage implement, tandem tillage gangs, draftconnections flexibly connected to said gangs, some of said draftconnections beingforwardly and rearwardly movable relative to the otherand adapted to move said gangs in opposite angular relation to eachother thro-ugh the relative movements of the tract-or, and means forlocking said draft connections and gangs in variable relativepositionsto each other.

32. lin a tractor drawn tillage implement,

draft connections flexibly connected to said gangs, some of said draftconnections being forwardly and rearwardly movable relative to the otherat points of connection on said gangs opposite the latter and adapted tomove said gangs straightening said rear gangs draft power sets of gangsby backing, and means for putin opposite angular relation to each otherthrough the relative movements of the trac* tor, and means for lockingsaid draft connections and gangs in variable relative positions to eachother.

33. lfn a harrow, front and rear frames, disk gangs carried thereby,means for automatically straightening said'rear gangs in backing andmeans for setting an angle for the rear gangs in backing and forassumingy the angle so set Yon the `next forward ull. 2 ip 34. lin aharrow, front and rear harrow units, disk gangs on said units, meansconnecting said units, means operable by the for setting the angle inboth ting the gangs into angle by a pull.

35.` lfn a harrowfront and rear frames, disk gangs carried thereby,means for automatically straightening said gangs in backing and meansfor setting an angle for the gangs in backing and for assuming the angleso set on the next forward pull.

36. In a harrow, front and rear frames, disk gangs carried thereby,means for and means for setting an anglefor the rear gangs in backingand for assuming the angle so set on the next forward pull.

37. lfn a harrow, front and rear frames, disk gangs Carried thereby,means for automatically straightening said rear gangs in backing,' andmeans including a draft device for setting an angle for the rear gangsin backing andI for assuming the angle so set on the next forward pull.

38. ln a harrow, a frame, disk gangs caryried thereby, a draft deviceadapted to receive' the pull of the harrow, said device being slidablewith respect to said frame, ratchet means for locking said draft deinbacking vice with respect to said frame and releasing means operablefroma point outside the harrow, Y

39. ln a harrow, front and rear sections, disk gangs carried thereby,draft means, means for setting the angle of both gangs by a push on saiddraft means while the gangs are still substantially straight, and meansfor causing the gangs to assume the angle so set on a forward pull onsaid draft means.

40. lin a harrow, front and rear sections, disk gangs carried thereby,draft means, means for setting the angle of both gangs by a push on saiddraft means while the gangs are still substantially straight, means forcausing the gangs to assume the angle so set -m a forwardpull on saiddraft means, and means for releasing the angle on a for# ward pull.

41. ln a harrow, front and rear sections, disk gangs carried thereby,draft means, means for setting the angle of both gangs by a push on saiddraft me'ans while the gangs are still substantially straight, means forcausing the gangs to assume the angle so set on a forward pull on saiddraft means, and means operable from a point outside the. harrow forreleasing the angle -on a forward apull. j

42. ln a harrow, front andj rear frames, disk gangs carried thereby,means operable by the draftl power for automatically angling the reargangs', and means con rollable from a. point outside the harrowfxcausing the draft power to straighten sai rear gangs by aforward pull.

43. ltn a harrow, front and rear frames, disk gangs carried thereby,means operable by the draft power for automatically angling said gangs,and means controllable from a point outside the harrow for causing thedraft power to straighten said gangs by a forward pull.

44. ln a harrow, front and rear units, disk gangs on said units, meansconnecting said units, and means controllable from a distance forcausing the forward pull of the draft power either to straighten or toangle said gangs.

45. ln a harrow, angularly adjustable disk gangs` means to which poweris adapted to |be applied for advancing said harrow, and meansoperatively related to said first mentioned means and to said gangs andcontrollable from a distance, whereby the draft power may be utilized toadjust the angles of said gangs.

46. lin a harrow, front and rear units, angularly adjustable disk gangson said units, means to which power is adapted to 'be applied foradvancing said harrow, and

trollable from a distance, whereby the draftpower may be utilized toadjust the angles of said gangs.

47. In a harrow, a draft frame, angularly adjustable disk gangs, meansmovably mounted upon said frame and iiexibly connected to said gangs, adraft device also movably mounted upon said frame, and means providing alost motion connection between said first mentioned means and said draftdevice. y

48. In a harrow, a. draft frame, angularly adjustable disk gangs, meansmovably mounted upon said frame and flexibly connected to said gangs, adraft device also movablyT mounted upon s aid frame, means providing alost motion connection between said first mentioned means and said draftdevice, and means controllable from a point outside the harrow forlocking said draft device to said frame.

49. The combination with a tractor having a Adraft device, of an earthengaging element; and a setting and tripping. draft connectlon betweenthe tractor and said element, whereby when the tractor is advanced Saidconnection interlocks at selective positions to determine the effectiveground engaging angle of said element.

50. The combination with a tractor havmg a draftdevice. of an earthengaging clement; and a setting and tripping draft Mconnection betweenthe tractor and said element, whereby when the tractor is advanced saidconnection intel-locks at selective positions to determine the-effective ground engaging angle of the earth engaging element, and bywhich means the earth engaging element can be moved to inoperativeposition vancing andis attached to the tractor.

51. The combination with'a tractor havlng a draft device, of an earthengaging ele- 1 ment; and a setting and tripping draft connectionbetween the tractor and said element, said connection locking the earthengaging element in operative position when the tractor is advanced andoperative to adjustablyinterlock at a selected one of a plurality ofpositions -when the tractor is backed up after said element has beenmoved to inoperative position.

while the tractor is still-adj.

52. In a harrow, tandem frame units and tillage gangs, a relativelyfixed draft guide on one of said frame units, relativel `movable draftconnections guided by sai guide and connected to the inner andintermediate portions of said front and rear tillage gangs,respectively, and relatively longitudinally fixed draftconnectionsconnected to one of said frame units and the opposite inner portions ofsaid rear tillage gangs.

53. In a tillage implement, front and rear harrow frames, front and reartillage gangs, a fixed central draft. guide on said front harrow frame,a movable draft appliance on said guide, a guide -head on said movabledraft ap lianceconnected to the inner ends of said ont tillage gangs,draft links extending from the latter to said draft appliance, draftmeans connecting said draft appliance to the intermediate portions ofsaid rear tillage gangs, and longitudinally fixed draft links connectedto said front harrow frame and the inner ends of said rear tillagegangs.

54. In a tractor drawn tillage implement, frontand rear l liarrowframes, pairs of tillage gangs pivotally connected thereto, a cent-ralrelatively fixed draft member forining a guide on said front ha-rrowframe, a draw-bar in said guide flexibly connected to the inner ends ofsaid front tillage gan relatively longitudinally lixed draft 1i sconnected to said front barrow frame and the inner ends of said reartillage gangs, draft means flexibly connecting said drawbar to the outerends of said rear harrow frame whereby the latter will be movedrearwardly with the rearward anglin movement of said front tillagegangs, an the pivoted portion of the rear gangs will be moved rearwardlyto angle the same and means for actuating adjustin and locking saidrelatively fixed and Inova le draft connections and frame units relativeto each Other as against the forward draft movement of the tractor.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my Signature in the presence of twoywitnesses.

FREDERICK C. WARNE. Witnesses:

N. P. HENRY, D. C. UPEESE.

